{"title":"Rationalism","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"the-edge-of-reason","title":"The Edge of Reason: A Rational Skeptic in an Irrational World","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAn urgent defense of reason, the essential method for resolving—or even discussing—divisive issues:\u003c\/strong\u003e  \u003cstrong\u003e\"A timely masterpiece.\"—Patricia S. Churchland, author of \u003cem\u003eTouching a Nerve\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nReason, long held as the highest human achievement, is under siege. According to Aristotle, the capacity for reason sets us apart from other animals, yet today it has ceased to be a universally admired faculty. Rationality and reason have become political, disputed concepts, subject to easy dismissal.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJulian Baggini argues eloquently that we must recover our reason and reassess its proper place, neither too highly exalted nor completely maligned. 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Churchland, author of \u003cem\u003eConscience: The Origins of Moral Intuition\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"None","offers":[{"title":"Kobo eBook","offer_id":46174940397745,"sku":"25d88c3e-3879-3627-b56e-7617601bce89","price":17.59,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0655\/8980\/5233\/files\/image_d080ff2f-7a30-4941-a9b7-5c3069542b9c.jpg?v=1764143076"},{"product_id":"demons-dreamers-and-madmen","title":"Demons, Dreamers, and Madmen: The Defense Of Reason In Descartes's Meditations","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFrom the author of the #1 \u003ci\u003eNew York Times\u003c\/i\u003e bestseller \u003ci\u003eOn Bullshit\u003c\/i\u003e, a landmark account of Descartes, reason, and truth\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn this classic work, philosopher and bestselling author Harry Frankfurt provides a compelling analysis of the question that not only lies at the heart of Descartes's \u003ci\u003eMeditations\u003c\/i\u003e, but also constitutes the central preoccupation of modern philosophy: on what basis can reason claim to provide any justification for the truth of our beliefs? \u003ci\u003eDemons, Dreamers, and Madmen\u003c\/i\u003e provides an ingenious account of Descartes's defense of reason against his own famously skeptical doubts that he might be a madman, dreaming, or, worse yet, deceived by an evil demon into believing falsely.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFrankfurt's masterful and imaginative reading of Descartes's seminal work not only stands the test of time; one imagines Descartes himself nodding in agreement.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"None","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":46180345807025,"sku":"9780691134161","price":61.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Kobo eBook","offer_id":46180345839793,"sku":"6018e790-9adc-4cfa-9edd-fa9322bfe17c","price":48.99,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0655\/8980\/5233\/files\/1_d73bb4ca-eae1-43e8-850f-c8d2145e66c9.jpg?v=1763637351"},{"product_id":"how-to-think-like-a-philosopher","title":"How to Think like a Philosopher: Twelve Key Principles for More Humane, Balanced, and Rational Thinking","description":"\u003cb\u003e\"An essential, inspiring guide to the challenges of our time\" from the author of the UK bestseller \u003ci\u003eThe Pig That Wants to Be Eaten\u003c\/i\u003e (Sarah Bakewell, \u003ci\u003eNew York Times\u003c\/i\u003e bestselling author).\u003c\/b\u003e By now, it should be clear: in the face of disinformation and disaster, we cannot hot take, life hack, or meme our way to a better future. 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More than a book of tips and tricks (or ways to be insufferably clever at parties), \u003ci\u003eHow to Think Like a Philosopher\u003c\/i\u003e is an invitation to develop the habits of good reasoning that our world desperately needs.","brand":"None","offers":[{"title":"Audiobook (2025 B)","offer_id":46192821829809,"sku":"9798228668768","price":59.95,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Audiobook (2025 A)","offer_id":46192821862577,"sku":"9798228668744","price":64.95,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0655\/8980\/5233\/files\/1_dd8d2798-c50e-48a4-b194-8e0571624dcc.jpg?v=1762724493"},{"product_id":"reading-descartes-otherwise","title":"Reading Descartes Otherwise: Blind, Mad, Dreamy, and Bad","description":"\u003cp\u003eFocusing on the first four images of the Other mobilized in Descartes’ Meditations—namely, the blind, the mad, the dreamy, and the bad—Reading Descartes Otherwise casts light on what have heretofore been the phenomenological shadows of “Cartesian rationality.” In doing so, it discovers dynamic signs of spectral alterity lodged both at the core and on the edges of modern Cartesian subjectivity.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCalling for a Copernican reorientation of the very notion “Cartesianism,” the book’s series of close, creatively critical readings of Descartes’ signature images brings the dramatic forces, moments, and scenes of the cogito into our own contemporary moment. The author patiently unravels the knotted skeins of ambiguity that have been spun within philosophical modernity out of such clichés as “Descartes, the abstract modern subject” and “Descartes, the father of modern philosophy”—a figure who is at once everywhere and nowhere. 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Against those who would chain the fate of humanity to its animal nature, Wolfendale’s work makes the case for unbinding our rationality from every petty naturalism and every fixed image of thought, heralding an inhuman destiny unleashed by the revenge of Reason.","brand":"None","offers":[{"title":"Kobo eBook","offer_id":46717091315922,"sku":"8575e92d-3d0e-3152-8187-ad619e7bc1cf","price":31.99,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":46800133619922,"sku":"9781913029876","price":39.95,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0655\/8980\/5233\/files\/1_5b12bc92-d610-4205-9ce1-959929797580.jpg?v=1763376278"},{"product_id":"bertrand-russell-3-em-1","title":"Bertrand Russell: 3 em 1: No que acredito, Por que não sou cristão, ensaios céticos","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNo que acredito:\u003c\/strong\u003e Nada é sagrado. 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Embrasse le moment présent et crée une vie que tu aimes.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eImagine une vie où tes pensées ne te contrôlent plus. Ressens la libération en prenant des décisions rapidement et avec assurance. Visualise l'utilisation de la puissance de tes pensées pour te propulser en avant et créer la vie dont tu as toujours rêvé.\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\"Comment arrêter de trop penser\" est ton guide vers la liberté mentale. Libère-toi des limites de ton esprit et embarque pour un voyage vers d'infinies possibilités. 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(Version 1)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e* Beautifully illustrated with images relating to Leibniz’ life and works\u003cbr\u003e\r\n* Concise introductions to the major texts\u003cbr\u003e\r\n* Features rare treatises and dialogues\u003cbr\u003e\r\n* Images of how the texts were first published, giving your eReader a taste of the original texts\u003cbr\u003e\r\n* Excellent formatting of the texts\u003cbr\u003e\r\n* Easily locate the sections you want to read with contents tables\u003cbr\u003e\r\n* Special criticism section, with essays evaluating Leibniz’ contribution to world literature\u003cbr\u003e\r\n* Features two biographies discover Leibniz’ incredible life\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eCONTENTS:\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Works\u003cbr\u003e\r\nSystem of Theology (1686)\u003cbr\u003e\r\nDiscourse on Metaphysics (1686)\u003cbr\u003e\r\nA Philosopher’s Creed (1673)\u003cbr\u003e\r\nExtracts from the ‘New Essays on the Understanding’ (1704)\u003cbr\u003e\r\nTheodicy (1710)\u003cbr\u003e\r\nMonadology (1714)\u003cbr\u003e\r\nThe Philosophical Works of Leibnitz (1890)\u003cbr\u003e\r\nCorrespondence with Baruch Spinoza\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Criticism\u003cbr\u003e\r\nAn Abstract of a Book Lately Published Entitled a Treatise of Human Nature Etc. 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Un testimonio estremecedor y una sincera declaración de ateísmo. \u003cstrong\u003ePrimera traducción completa al castellano.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\"El autor de \u003cem\u003eMemoria contra la religión\u003c\/em\u003e —Laetoli publica ahora la primera edición íntegra del texto en castellano— fue considerado por los pensadores del siglo XVIII como un revolucionario y entró en los libros de Historia como el padre del ateísmo.\"\u003cbr\u003e\r\nGuillaume Fourmont, \u003cem\u003ePúblico\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\"Bermudo sostiene que Meslier veía 'excesivo dolor y miseria en nombre de Dios para no rebelarse de forma absoluta contra su existencia' y, en ese sentido, entiende que su deber es demostrar la no existencia de Dios.\"\u003cbr\u003e\r\nAgencia EFE\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\"Devastadora Memoria contra la religión.\"\u003cbr\u003e\r\nManuel Rodríguez Rivero, \u003cem\u003eEl País\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eBabelia\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\"Rescata la editorial Laetoli el texto pionero de Jean Meslier, sacerdote católico que en 1729 osó decir que la religión era una impostura. 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The book is divided into two parts, the first of which deals with the nature of knowledge, while the second deals with the nature of reality.In the first part, Kant argues that all knowledge begins with experience, but that it is not limited to experience. He introduces the concept of a priori knowledge, which is knowledge that is independent of experience. Kant also argues that the mind plays an active role in shaping our experience of the world, and that there are certain categories of thought that are necessary for us to make sense of our experiences.In the second part, Kant argues that there is a distinction between appearances and reality. He argues that we can only know the world as it appears to us, and that we can never know the world as it really is. He also introduces the concept of the noumenon, which is the thing-in-itself that exists independently of our perception of it.Critique of Pure Reason is a complex and challenging work, but it is considered to be a cornerstone of modern philosophy. It has influenced many subsequent philosophers, and continues to be studied and debated to this day.This Is A New Release Of The Original 1890 Edition.This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the old original and may contain some imperfections such as library marks and notations. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions, that are true to their original work.","brand":"None","offers":[{"title":"Hardcover","offer_id":46507243471058,"sku":"9781494129903","price":76.95,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0655\/8980\/5233\/files\/1_5c226dfe-92c7-4436-afbd-c0aa6f51cc1a.jpg?v=1762875530"},{"product_id":"kants-critiques","title":"Kant's Critiques: The Critique of Pure Reason, the Critique of Practical Reason, the Critique of Judgement","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCollected in this 3-in-one omnibus edition are Kant's ground breaking critiques. \u003c\/strong\u003eThe Critique of Pure Reason, The Critique of Practical Reason, and The Critique of Judgement. The Critique of Pure Reason is one of the most influential philosophy books of all times. Kant's influence on modern perception of reason cannot be over estimated. Here Kant redefines reason and gives us the tools to understand reason on two levels: the empirical and the metaphysical. The Critique of Practical Reason is the second of Immanuel Kant's three critiques and it deals with Kant's own moral philosophy and his views on free will. A masterpiece of philosophical writing. In The Critique of Judgement Kant states that \"Philosophy may be said to contain the principles of the rational cognition that concepts afford us of things (not merely, as with logic, the principles of the form of thought in general irrespective of the objects), and, thus interpreted, the course, usually adopted, of dividing it into theoretical and practical is perfectly sound.\"\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"None","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":46503765803218,"sku":"9781604592764","price":32.5,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0655\/8980\/5233\/files\/1_80db71aa-1ad8-4309-9dcd-638f991e69af.jpg?v=1762856096"},{"product_id":"the-critique-of-pure-reason-19","title":"The Critique of Pure Reason","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Critique of Pure Reason Immanuel Kant - 'The purpose of this critique of pure speculative reason consists in the attempt to change the old procedure of metaphysics and to bring about a complete revolution'Kant's Critique of Pure Reason (1781) is the central text of modern philosophy. It presents a profound and challenging investigation into the nature of human reason, its knowledge and its illusions. Reason, Kant argues, is the seat of certain concepts that precede experience and make it possible, but we are not therefore entitled to draw conclusions about the natural world from these concepts. The Critique brings together the two opposing schools of philosophy: rationalism, which grounds all our knowledge in reason, and empiricism, which traces all our knowledge to experience. Kant's transcendental idealism indicates a third way that goes far beyond these alternatives.\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n","brand":"None","offers":[{"title":"Kobo eBook","offer_id":46508637356242,"sku":"4ee4d696-780a-3aac-9d79-c85dd8b923df","price":13.99,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0655\/8980\/5233\/files\/image_5d49e7a1-c30d-4afe-9e70-23a98cf6c2d8.jpg?v=1762994781"},{"product_id":"history-of-the-rise-and-influence-of-the-spirit-of-rationalism-in-europe-volume-1","title":"History of the Rise and Influence of the Spirit of Rationalism in Europe; Volume 1","description":"\u003cp\u003eExplore the rise and influence of the spirit of rationalism across Europe with this classic work of intellectual history. Drawing on a wide range of sources, the author explores the philosophical and cultural trends that shaped Europe during the Enlightenment and beyond.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis work is in the \"public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eScholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"None","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":46502976422098,"sku":"9781022836938","price":28.82,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0655\/8980\/5233\/files\/1_7e62d57d-0ef9-4a52-80e5-1a91f8bef4f4.jpg?v=1762382361"},{"product_id":"critique-of-pure-reason-18","title":"Critique of Pure Reason: In Commemoration of the Century of Its First Publication; Volume 1","description":"This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.","brand":"None","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":46504527298770,"sku":"9781143695889","price":36.74,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0655\/8980\/5233\/files\/1_710e2bfb-8787-45ab-8368-6b77c603ab1e.jpg?v=1762400419"},{"product_id":"the-critique-of-pure-reason-26","title":"The Critique of Pure Reason","description":"As with all of Kant's writings, this has become an important piece of philosophy that is an important read for any student or thinker today.","brand":"None","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":46531021537490,"sku":"9781496070487","price":13.95,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0655\/8980\/5233\/files\/1_a81167a9-4442-4adf-ac48-d023df1ae5c0.jpg?v=1764391253"},{"product_id":"the-age-of-reason-49","title":"The Age Of Reason","description":"The Age of Reason is a philosophical and political treatise written by Thomas Paine, a prominent figure in the American Revolution. The book was first published in three parts between 1794 and 1795, and it challenges the authority of the Christian Church and the Bible. Paine argues that reason and science should be the basis for human knowledge and morality, rather than religious dogma and superstition. He also critiques the concept of the Trinity, the divinity of Jesus, and the idea of miracles. The Age of Reason was controversial at the time of its publication, and it remains a significant work in the history of freethought and secularism. This book is recommended for readers interested in the history of philosophy, religion, and politics.THESE books, beginning with Genesis and ending with Revelations, (which, by the bye, is a book of riddles that requires a revelation to explain it) are, we are told, the word of God. It is, therefore, proper for us to know who told us so, that we may know what credit to give to the report. The answer to this question is, that nobody can tell, except that we tell one another so.This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the old original and may contain some imperfections such as library marks and notations. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions, that are true to their original work.","brand":"None","offers":[{"title":"Hardcover","offer_id":46536103657682,"sku":"9781161456165","price":51.95,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0655\/8980\/5233\/files\/1_9cba9e69-831a-4335-9f28-da894ea4afa3.jpg?v=1762423893"},{"product_id":"the-critique-of-practical-reason-14","title":"The Critique Of Practical Reason","description":"The Critique of Practical Reason is a philosophical treatise written by Immanuel Kant, a prominent German philosopher of the 18th century. The book is a continuation of Kant's Critique of Pure Reason and explores the nature of practical reason and moral philosophy. Kant argues that practical reason is distinct from theoretical reason, which is concerned with knowledge and understanding of the world. Practical reason, on the other hand, is concerned with moral decision-making and the pursuit of the good. The book is divided into two main parts. The first part examines the foundations of practical reason, including the concept of the categorical imperative - a universal moral law that applies to all rational beings. Kant argues that the categorical imperative is the basis for all moral reasoning and that it is derived from the nature of rationality itself. The second part of the book explores the implications of practical reason for human freedom and morality. Kant argues that human beings have free will, which allows them to act in accordance with the moral law. He also explores the concept of the highest good, which consists of both happiness and moral virtue. Overall, The Critique of Practical Reason is a seminal work in the field of moral philosophy and a key text in the history of Western philosophy. It continues to be widely studied and debated by scholars and students of philosophy today.To be an object of practical knowledge, as such, signifies, therefore, only the relation of the will to the action by which the object or its opposite would be realized; and to decide whether something is an object of pure practical reason or not is only to discern the possibility or impossibility of willing the action by which, if we had the required power (about which experience must decide), a certain object would be realized.This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the old original and may contain some imperfections such as library marks and notations. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions, that are true to their original work.","brand":"None","offers":[{"title":"Hardcover","offer_id":46549775810770,"sku":"9781169255739","price":49.5,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0655\/8980\/5233\/files\/1_fe9839cb-f6ca-47b5-9f15-dd09b56aa407.jpg?v=1763072782"},{"product_id":"the-path-of-logic","title":"The Path of Logic","description":"This is the English translation of the Latin original of the third revised edition of Iter Logicum (The Path of Logic). It is a short manual of Stoic logic and ethics and includes Aristotelian syllogistic logic and the basics of inductive reasoning, which the scientific method is based on. In a time of polarization and irrationality it is necessary to remember the teachings of the ancient Stoic philosophers and make them again part of our daily life.","brand":"None","offers":[{"title":"Hardcover","offer_id":46549432729810,"sku":"9781471746888","price":41.95,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0655\/8980\/5233\/files\/1_9b92617d-1372-456b-8d5f-62dbd963134f.jpg?v=1763049770"},{"product_id":"a-history-of-freedom-of-thought-10","title":"A History of Freedom of Thought","description":"\u003cp\u003eIt is a common saying that thought is free. A man can never be hindered from thinking whatever he chooses so long as he conceals what he thinks. The working of his mind is limited only by the bounds of his experience and the power of his imagination. In this book J.B. Bury examines the freedom of thought throughout history from ancient times to the beginning of the 20th century. Contents: Reason Free (Greece And Rome) Reason in Prison (The Middle Ages) Prospect of Deliverance (The Renaissance and the Reformation) Religious Toleration The Growth of Rationalism (Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries) The Progress of Rationalism (Nineteenth Century) The Justification of Liberty of Thought\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n","brand":"None","offers":[{"title":"Kobo eBook","offer_id":46560738607314,"sku":"6a2a7191-8dcc-35c8-8bd0-7de908d67b1b","price":2.99,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0655\/8980\/5233\/files\/image_d4a42fd6-2822-490f-b875-73a5d5a5f6e7.jpg?v=1762558511"}],"url":"https:\/\/www.indigo.ca\/collections\/rationalism.oembed","provider":"Indigo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}