{"product_id":"vitamin-d-in-chronic-kidney-disease","title":"Vitamin D in Chronic Kidney Disease","description":"Vitamin D deficiency, circulating levels lower than 15 ng\/ml, is an epidemic disease worldwide with  more than a billion people suffering of it in the beginning of the 21-century. Besides its impact on mineral and bone metabolism, these low vitamin D levels are also associated with a diversity of non-skeletal complications, among them cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis, cancer, tuberculosis, and immune system dysfunction. Chronic Kidney Disease is also a very common disease, affecting more than 10% of the world population, ranging from stage 1 to stage 5 before dialysis. Approximately 1% of the population in industrialized countries is affected by end-stage renal disease (ESRD), needing a renal replacement therapy either hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, and ultimately by renal transplantation. Those CKD patients are more susceptible to exhibit reduced vitamin D stocks. Consequently, more than eighty percent of CKD patients have either insufficient ordeficient vitamin D levels for multiple reasons.","brand":"None","offers":[{"title":"Couverture souple","offer_id":46189697499313,"sku":"9783319813028","price":248.5,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Couverture rigide","offer_id":46189697532081,"sku":"9783319325057","price":160.95,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Livre numérique Kobo","offer_id":46189697564849,"sku":"e3bc2fac-a6b3-3cef-8eae-2361c9faeb5c","price":116.09,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0655\/8980\/5233\/files\/1_6359d352-3639-4d03-b29e-1a5adea0248f.jpg?v=1762933283","url":"https:\/\/www.indigo.ca\/fr\/products\/vitamin-d-in-chronic-kidney-disease","provider":"Indigo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}