{"product_id":"pectus-carinatum-pigeon-chest-a-simple-guide-to-the-condition-treatment-and-related-conditions","title":"Pectus Carinatum, (Pigeon Chest) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Treatment And Related Conditions","description":"\u003cp\u003ePectus carinatum or Pigeon Chest is a deformity of the chest characterized by a protrusion of the sternum and ribs.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nIn this condition the sternum is raised (carina = keel).\u003cbr\u003e\r\nIt is a condition where there is a protrusion of the chest over the sternum often described as giving the person a bird-like appearance.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nIt is the opposite of pectus excavatum.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nPectus carinatum may occur as a single abnormality or in association with other genetic disorders or syndromes.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nThe condition causes the sternum to protrude with a narrow depression along the sides of the chest.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nThis gives the chest a bowed-out appearance similar to that of a pigeon.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nPeople with pectus carinatum generally develop normal hearts and lungs but the deformity may prevent these from functioning optimally.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nIt used to be associated with rickets.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nNowadays there is usually an associated history of severe asthma in childhood sometimes with a ventricular septal defect (VSD).\u003cbr\u003e\r\n20% of patients have an associated scoliosis.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nThere is some evidence that pectus carinatum may prevent complete expiration of air from the lungs in children.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nThese young people may have a decrease in stamina even if they do not realize it.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nPectus deformities can have a significant psychological impact on the children.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nSome children live happily with pectus carinatum especially if it is mild.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nFor others the shape of the chest can damage their self-esteem and self-confidence possibly affecting social communication with others.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nThe most common cause for pectus carinatum seems to be in the 11-14 year old pubertal male who is undergoing a growth spurt\u003cbr\u003e\r\nThe second most common is from birth.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nIt is evident in newborns as a rounded chest and as they reach 2 or 3 years old the sternum begins to grow outwardly even more.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nThe least common way is post surgically after open heart surgery.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nSome patients develop a rigid chest wall resulting in reduced vital capacity and symptoms of:\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003col\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eDyspnea,\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eExertional tachypnea\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eReduced endurance\u003cbr\u003e\r\nPhysical examination can diagnose the condition.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nElectrocardiography and echocardiography may be needed to rule out cardiac abnormalities and assess cardiac function.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nPulmonary function testing may be useful to determine the impact of the deformity on the performance of the heart and lungs.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nCT scanning may be helpful\u003cbr\u003e\r\nMany patients have a mild deformity with no associated morbidity requiring treatment.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nA brace may be used to treat children and young adolescents by suppressing the growth of the protrusion.\u003cbr\u003e\r\nIf there is significant pulmonary or cardiac dysfunction, open surgical repair is performed.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eTABLE OF CONTENT\u003cbr\u003e\r\nIntroduction\u003cbr\u003e\r\nChapter 1 Pectus Carinatum\u003cbr\u003e\r\nChapter 2 More Facts of Pectus Carinatum\u003cbr\u003e\r\nChapter 3 Treatment of Pectus Carinatum\u003cbr\u003e\r\nChapter 4 Kyphoscoliosis\u003cbr\u003e\r\nChapter 5 Scoliosis\u003cbr\u003e\r\nChapter 6 Kyphosis\u003cbr\u003e\r\nChapter 7 Costochondrosis\u003cbr\u003e\r\nChapter 8 Pectus Excavatum\u003cbr\u003e\r\nEpilogue\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n","brand":"None","offers":[{"title":"Kobo eBook","offer_id":46592159875282,"sku":"3a3ec254-43d1-3e30-9d5a-b858bcbf968e","price":4.99,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0655\/8980\/5233\/files\/image_94fb42f5-d908-4605-9c39-ac4dea3d42af.jpg?v=1762726181","url":"https:\/\/www.indigo.ca\/products\/pectus-carinatum-pigeon-chest-a-simple-guide-to-the-condition-treatment-and-related-conditions","provider":"Indigo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}