This book, the first of two volumes, examines the evolution of humanity and development global economic systems to provide insight into the advances and challenges they have created. By placing modern technology and global crises within the context of long-term human development, it evaluates the threat of climate change on future generations by showing how past civilizations have survived and succumbed to climate events. A similar approach is taken with migration, where the current migration crisis is contrasted against historic migration patterns. The potential for artificial intelligence, quantum computing, nuclear fusion, and biotechnology to combat these challenges, as well as tackle poverty and inequality, are also discussed.

This book highlights the consequences of human cognition and the constant desire for economic growth and evaluates whether they have been a net positive for human society. It will be of interest to students and researchers working on political economy and global challenges.