This book explores how the EU free movement of capital provisions can be interpreted in order to allow certain forms of State participation in the market for the purposes of protecting public interest objectives in the context of privatisations and golden shares. Drawing from the international controversy regarding the risks and benefits of capital liberalisation, the book argues that the broad interpretation of ‘capital restrictions’ under Article 63 TFEU has significant consequences for national political economy choices and investigates the extent to which the existing legal framework set out in the Treaties offers room for reconciling economic integration with societal values.