Hematologic malignancies, also known as blood cancers, refer to a wide range of cancers that originate in the bone marrow or the lymphatic system. These cancers can affect the production and function of blood cells, including white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets. Hematologic malignancies include leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. The treatment of hematologic malignancies depends on the specific type and stage of the cancer, as well as individual patient factors. These malignancies can be treated through radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy and stem cell transplantation. Radiation therapy uses high-energy radiation to target and kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy makes use of powerful medications to destroy cancer cells or prevent their growth. This book brings forth some of the most innovative concepts and elucidates the unexplored aspects of hematological malignancies. It will serve as a valuable source of reference for graduate and postgraduate students.