This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1852 edition. Excerpt: ... Sanch. Vasq. Laym. l. 2.1.1. c. 13. et alii commun. Ratio est, quia " Answer. Heresy is a free and pertinacious error of the understanding against the faith, in him who receives the faith. So commonly Suar. Becan. c. 14. qu. 2. Whence it appears, that to constitute heresy, as in the case of apostasy, two things are required. 1. An erroneous judgment, which is as it were material. 2. Pertinacity, which is as it were formal. Moreover to err pertinaciously is not bitterly and obstinately to hold one''s own error, or to defend it; but it is to retain it after the contrary is sufficiently propounded: or when he knows the contrary to be held by the universal Church of Christ upon earth, to which he prefers his own judgment: or when he does that from vain glory, or a desire of contradicting, or some other cause. Sanch. Vasq. Laym.!. 2. t. 1. c. 13. and others commonly. The reason is, because he thinks the judgment of the Church not to be a sufficient foundation of belief; which is true pertinacity, which with Koninck others more easily explain thus, that it then is pertinacity, when although the object of faithis credibly propounded, so as that prudently he cannot doubt concerning it, he however judges to the contrary, from which he is unwilling to be torn in any case, or at least unless he be evidently convinced." This is his proposition from which he draws several conclusions; for example, he says:--" Est hsereticus, qui affir-" He is an heretic who affirmative de aliquo articulo fidei matively doubts concerning dubitat, hoc est, judicat esse any article of the faith, i.e. dubium."--(ibid.) judges it to be doubtful." His definitions are most important, we learn, I. That heresy is an error of judgment against the...