Water quality denotes the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of water, based on the standards of its usage. It varies from place to place, depending on the condition of the source of water it is drawn from and the treatment it receives. The most common standards used to monitor and assess water quality encompass the health of ecosystems, safety of human contact, and condition of drinking water. Prominent sources of water contamination are sewage releases, natural chemicals and minerals, land use practices, manufacturing processes and malfunctioning water treatment systems. Presence of certain contaminants in drinking water can cause health issues like gastrointestinal diseases, reproductive problems and neurological disorders. This book outlines the treatment and assessment of water quality in detail. The various areas of water management along with the technological progress that have future implications are glanced at. This book can prove to be an essential guide for all those who are interested in this field.