Haijun Zeng, Ph.D., is Vice Dean of the Smart Learning Institute of Beijing Normal University, China, Deputy Director of the Educational Informatization Strategy Research Base (Beijing) of the Ministry of Education, and Deputy Director of the National Engineering Research Center of Cyberlearning and Intelligent Technology. His main research interests are online education and the Digital Learning Support (DLS) service system.

Zhisheng Li, is a Ph.D. student at the School of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, at Beijing Normal University, China. Her main research interests include smart education and digital education policy.

Professor Jiong Guo, Ph.D., is Supervisor and Dean of the School of Educational Technology, Northwest Normal University, China. She is also Executive Deputy Editor of E-education Research and Executive Deputy Director of the Educational Informatization Strategy Research Base (Northwest) of the Ministry of Education, China. Her main research interests are information technology and education, and digital learning.

Zhuo Zhang., is a project manager of National Engineering Research Centre of Cyberlearning and Intelligent Technology of Beijing Normal University. Her main research interests include smart education and the Application of artificial intelligence in education.