On Poetry: A Rapsody is one of Jonathan Swift’s most complex and controversial poems. This study presents, for the first time, a detailed analysis and interpretation of what, on a surface level, has to be called a mock ars poetica, but which, on a deeper level, is a highly allusive political satire. The main emphasis has been placed on providing a commentary which seeks to make this 18^th-century text within its historical, political, and religious context comprehensible to present-day readers.