Magnesium is a mineral present in a range of foods. It plays a significant role in facilitating a wide range of chemical reactions in the body, like regulation of blood sugar, supporting the functioning of nerves and muscles, building strong bones, and regulation of blood pressure. Magnesium helps in steady functioning of the heart and facilitates contraction of the muscles by acting as an electrical conductor. It is a major nutrient which helps in the smooth functioning of various body parts like nerves, heart, bones, etc. Magnesium can be found in foods like whole grains, legumes, seeds, nuts and green leafy vegetables. The consumption of magnesium in enough amounts can help in the prevention and treatment of diseases, like migraine, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The early symptoms of magnesium deficiency include weakness, loss of appetite, fatigue, nausea and vomiting. This book unravels the recent studies on the importance of magnesium for human health and disease management. It will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.