Published in 1862, Rome and Jerusalem: The Last National Question fuses prophetic polemic with historical analysis. Cast as a series of letters, the book opposes 'Rome'—imperial power and assimilative modernity—to 'Jerusalem,' the emblem of ethical nationhood and renewal. Hess argues that Jewish emancipation without national restoration is illusory, advocating a return to Palestine and a cooperative, socialist commonwealth rooted in productive labor. Engaging the era's debates on nationalism, race, and emancipation, he critiques both liberal assimilationism and abstract cosmopolitanism. Born in Bonn in 1812, Moses Hess was an early socialist and sometime collaborator of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, active in the radical press and the 1840s revolutionary milieu. Disillusioned by the failures of 1848, the persistence of European antisemitism, and the reduction of human life to economics, he redirected his universalism through Jewish historical experience. These encounters convinced him that social justice required a renewed Jewish nation as a moral and political agent. Readers of nationalism, early Zionism, and socialist thought will find it indispensable. Its lucid blend of moral urgency and argument illuminates enduring questions of diaspora, sovereignty, and collective dignity. Quickie Classics summarizes timeless works with precision, preserving the author's voice and keeping the prose clear, fast, and readable—distilled, never diluted. Enriched Edition extras: Introduction · Synopsis · Historical Context · Brief Analysis · 4 Reflection Q&As · Editorial Footnotes.